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- Generate Jwk From Private Keyboard
- Generate Jwk From Private Keys
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- Generate Jwk From Private Key Tool
- Create Jwk From Public Key
How can I find the private key for my SSL certificate. If you just got an issued SSL certificate and are having a hard time finding the corresponding private key, this article can help you to find that one and only key for your certificate. I am using the jose-jwt library and want to create a signed JWT in C# using the RS256 algorithm for encryption. I have no experience with cryptography, so please excuse my ignorance. I see the foll. Generating Keys for Encryption and Decryption.; 3 minutes to read +7; In this article. Creating and managing keys is an important part of the cryptographic process. Symmetric algorithms require the creation of a key and an initialization vector (IV). The key must be kept secret from anyone who should not decrypt your data.
-->Definition
Represents the standard parameters for the RSA algorithm.
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RSAParameters
- Attributes
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Remarks
The RSA class exposes an ExportParameters method that enables you to retrieve the raw RSA key in the form of an RSAParameters structure. Understanding the contents of this structure requires familiarity with how the RSA algorithm works. The next section discusses the algorithm briefly.
RSA Algorithm
To generate a key pair, you start by creating two large prime numbers named p and q. These numbers are multiplied and the result is called n. Because p and q are both prime numbers, the only factors of n are 1, p, q, and n.
If we consider only numbers that are less than n, the count of numbers that are relatively prime to n, that is, have no factors in common with n, equals (p - 1)(q - 1).
Now you choose a number e, which is relatively prime to the value you calculated. The public key is now represented as {e, n}.
To create the private key, you must calculate d, which is a number such that (d)(e) mod (p - 1)(q - 1) = 1. In accordance with the Euclidean algorithm, the private key is now {d, n}.
Encryption of plaintext m to ciphertext c is defined as c = (m ^ e) mod n. Decryption would then be defined as m = (c ^ d) mod n.
Summary of Fields
Section A.1.2 of the PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Standard on the RSA Laboratories Web site defines a format for RSA private keys.
The following table summarizes the fields of the RSAParameters structure. The third column provides the corresponding field in section A.1.2 of PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Standard.
RSAParameters field | Contains | Corresponding PKCS #1 field |
---|---|---|
D | d, the private exponent | privateExponent |
DP | d mod (p - 1) | exponent1 |
DQ | d mod (q - 1) | exponent2 |
Exponent | e, the public exponent | publicExponent |
InverseQ | (InverseQ)(q) = 1 mod p | coefficient |
Modulus | n | modulus |
P | p | prime1 |
Q | q | prime2 |
The security of RSA derives from the fact that, given the public key { e, n }, it is computationally infeasible to calculate d, either directly or by factoring n into p and q. Therefore, any part of the key related to d, p, or q must be kept secret. If you call
ExportParameters and ask for only the public key information, this is why you will receive only Exponent and Modulus. The other fields are available only if you have access to the private key, and you request it.
RSAParameters is not encrypted in any way, so you must be careful when you use it with the private key information. In fact, none of the fields that contain private key information can be serialized. If you try to serialize an RSAParameters structure with a remoting call or by using one of the serializers, you will receive only public key information. If you want to pass private key information, you will have to manually send that data. In all cases, if anyone can derive the parameters, the key that you transmit becomes useless.
.NET Core 2.1.0 and later: The serialization restrictions have been removed and all members of RSAParameters are serialized. Care must be excercised when writing or upgrading code against .NET Core 2.1.0 or later, because if anyone can derive or intercept the private key parameters the key and all the information encrypted or signed with it are compromised.
Fields
D | Represents the D parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
DP | Represents the DP parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
DQ | Represents the DQ parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
Exponent | Represents the Exponent parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
InverseQ | Represents the InverseQ parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
Modulus | Represents the Modulus parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
P | Represents the P parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
Q | Represents the Q parameter for the RSA algorithm. |
Applies to
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See also
-->For added assurance, when you use Azure Key Vault, you can import or generate keys in hardware security modules (HSMs) that never leave the HSM boundary. This scenario is often referred to as bring your own key, or BYOK. Azure Key Vault uses nCipher nShield family of HSMs (FIPS 140-2 Level 2 validated) to protect your keys.
This functionality is not available for Azure China 21Vianet.
Note
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For more information about Azure Key Vault, see What is Azure Key Vault?
For a getting started tutorial, which includes creating a key vault for HSM-protected keys, see What is Azure Key Vault?.
For a getting started tutorial, which includes creating a key vault for HSM-protected keys, see What is Azure Key Vault?.
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Supported HSMs
Transferring HSM-protected keys to Key Vault is supported via two different methods depending on the HSMs you use. Use the table below to determine which method should be used for your HSMs to generate, and then transfer your own HSM-protected keys to use with Azure Key Vault.
Vendor Name | Vendor Type | Supported HSM models | Supported HSM-key transfer method |
---|---|---|---|
nCipher | Manufacturer |
| Use legacy BYOK method |
Thales | Manufacturer |
| Use new BYOK method (preview) |
Fortanix | HSM as a Service |
| Use new BYOK method (preview) |
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Next steps
Follow Key Vault Best Practices to ensure security, durability and monitoring for your keys.